VAT Calculator

Instantly Add or Remove VAT from a price. Works for GST, HST, and other sales taxes too.

$
%
Net amount —
VAT amount —
Gross amount —

How VAT works

VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax added at each stage of the supply chain and ultimately paid by the end customer. There are two calculations you'll need — adding VAT to a net price, and removing VAT from a gross (tax-inclusive) price.

Add VAT

Multiply the net price by (1 + rate).

$100 × 1.20 = $120

Net $100 → VAT $20 → Gross $120

Remove VAT

Divide the gross price by (1 + rate).

$120 ÷ 1.20 = $100

Gross $120 → Net $100 → VAT $20

The rate goes in as a decimal: 20% is 1.20, 19% is 1.19, 5% is 1.05. To find just the VAT inside a gross price, subtract the net from the gross.

Standard VAT rates by country

Standard rates as applied to most goods and services. Many countries also apply reduced rates to essentials like food, books, and medicine.

Country Standard rate Reduced rates
United Kingdom 20% Reduced 5% on some goods
France 20% Reduced 10% / 5.5%
Germany 19% Reduced 7%
Spain 21% Reduced 10% / 4%
Italy 22% Reduced 10% / 5% / 4%
Ireland 23% Reduced 13.5% / 9%
Netherlands 21% Reduced 9%
Belgium 21% Reduced 12% / 6%
Poland 23% Reduced 8% / 5%
Portugal 23% Reduced 13% / 6%
Sweden 25% Reduced 12% / 6%
Denmark 25% No reduced rate
Norway 25% Reduced 15% / 12%
Australia (GST) 10% Many items GST-free
Canada (GST) 5% Plus provincial PST/HST

Frequently asked questions

What is the VAT formula?

To add VAT, multiply the net price by (1 + rate). To remove VAT, divide the gross price by (1 + rate). For 20% VAT that means gross = net × 1.2, and net = gross ÷ 1.2.

How do I calculate VAT backwards?

Calculating VAT backwards means finding the net price hidden inside a VAT-inclusive total. Divide the gross amount by (1 + rate), then subtract the result from the gross to get the VAT. For $120 at 20%: 120 ÷ 1.2 = $100 net, so the VAT is $20.

How do you remove VAT from a price?

Divide the VAT-inclusive price by 1 plus the rate as a decimal. At 20% divide by 1.2; at 19% divide by 1.19. The answer is the net (VAT-exclusive) price, and the difference is the VAT amount.

How do I add VAT to a price?

Multiply the net price by 1 plus the rate as a decimal. At 20% VAT, multiply by 1.2 — so $50 × 1.2 = $60, and the $10 increase is the VAT.

Is VAT the same as sales tax?

They are similar consumption taxes but work differently. VAT is collected at each stage of the supply chain and is usually built into the displayed price, while US-style sales tax is added once at checkout. GST works essentially like VAT.

VAT calculator by country

Each page is pre-set to the local rate and currency, with the country's reduced rates, registration threshold, and worked examples: